Utilization Of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Leaf Extract Compounds As A Botanical Pesticide Of Wandering Grasshopper (Locusta migratoria) In Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

Organic botanical pesticides are an alternative to reduce the use of chemical pesticides that have a negative impact on the environment and agricultural crops. Bandotan leaf (Ageratum conyzoides L.) contains bioactive compounds that function as insecticides and nematicides, namely saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and phenols that can prevent pests from approaching plants and inhibit insect development. The purpose of this study was to determine the active compound content of bandotan leaves through phytochemical tests, to determine the effect of bandotan leaf extract as an antifeedant compound and to determine the optimal concentration of bandotan leaf extract which affects the mortality of traveling locusts. Parameters observed were feeding activity and mortality rate of locusts after being given the test treatment. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 test treatments, namely, concentrations of bandotan leaf extract 3%, 6%, 9% and aquadest as control with 6 replications observed for 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS software and if the results were significantly different (P < 0.05) followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that bandotan leaf extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Different concentrations of bandotan leaf extract had a statistically significant effect as an antifeedant compound, and a concentration of 9% bandotan leaf extract had the most optimal effect on the mortality of the wandering locust pest